1. Umukanishiubumenyi bwa kashe: ihame ryakazi rya kashe ya mashini
Ikirangantegoni igikoresho gifunga kashe yishingikiriza kumurongo umwe cyangwa myinshi mumaso yanyuma aranyerera ugereranije na shitingi kugirango agumane ubuzima bwiza bitewe nigitutu cyamazi nimbaraga za elastique (cyangwa imbaraga za magnetique) zuburyo bwindishyi kandi zifite kashe zifasha kugirango bagere ku gukumira.
2. Guhitamo ibikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa kubidodo bya mashini
Amazi meza;ubushyuhe busanzwe;(dinamike) 9CR18, 1CR13 igaragara hejuru ya cobalt chromium tungsten, icyuma;.
Amazi yinzuzi (arimo imyanda);ubushyuhe busanzwe;(dinamike) karubide ya tungsten, (static) tungsten karbide
Amazi yo mu nyanja;ubushyuhe busanzwe;(dinamike) tungsten karbide, 1CR13 yambaye cobalt chromium tungsten, icyuma;(static) indanga ya resin grafite, tungsten karbide, cermet;
Amazi ashyushye dogere 100;(dinamike) tungsten karbide, 1CR13 igaragara hejuru ya cobalt chromium tungsten, icyuma;(static) indanga ya resin grafite, tungsten karbide, cermet;
Benzin, amavuta yo gusiga, hydrocarubone y'amazi;ubushyuhe busanzwe;(dinamike) tungsten karbide, 1CR13 igaragara hejuru ya cobalt chromium tungsten, icyuma;.
Benzin, amavuta yo gusiga, hydrocarubone y'amazi;Impamyabumenyi 100;(dinamike) tungsten karbide, 1CR13 igaragara cobalt chromium tungsten;(static) yatewe umuringa cyangwa resin grafite.
Benzine, amavuta yo gusiga, hydrocarbone y'amazi;irimo ibice;(dinamike) tungsten karbide;(static) tungsten karbide.
3. Ubwoko nikoreshwa ryaibikoresho byo gufunga
Uwiteka Ikidodo igomba kuba yujuje ibyangombwa byo gukora kashe.Kubera ko itangazamakuru rizashyirwaho kashe ritandukanye kandi imikorere yibikoresho iratandukanye, ibikoresho byo gufunga birasabwa kugira imiterere itandukanye.Ibisabwa mu gufunga ibikoresho muri rusange:
1) Ibikoresho bifite ubucucike bwiza kandi ntibyoroshye gusohora itangazamakuru;
2) Kugira imbaraga zikoreshwa mubukanishi no gukomera;
3) Kwiyunvikana neza no kwihangana, guhindura ibintu bidahoraho;
4) Ntiyoroshya cyangwa ngo ibore ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru, ntikomera cyangwa ngo isature ku bushyuhe buke;
5) Ifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa kandi irashobora gukora igihe kirekire muri aside, alkali, amavuta nibindi bitangazamakuru.Ingano nubukomezi bwabyo ni bito, kandi ntibifatira hejuru yicyuma;
6) Coefficient ntoya yo guterana kandi irwanya kwambara neza;
7) Ifite guhinduka guhuza hamwe naIkidodo;
8) Kurwanya gusaza neza no kuramba;
9) Nibyoroshye gutunganya no gukora, bihendutse kandi byoroshye kubona ibikoresho.
Rubberni ibikoresho bikoreshwa cyane.Usibye reberi, ibindi bikoresho bifunga kashe birimo grafite, polytetrafluoroethylene hamwe na kashe zitandukanye.
4. Ibyingenzi bya tekiniki yo gushiraho no gukoresha kashe ya mashini
1).Imiyoboro ya radiyo y'ibikoresho bizunguruka igomba kuba ≤0.04 mm, kandi ingendo ya axial ntigomba kurenza mm 0.1;
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3).Birabujijwe rwose gukubita cyangwa gukomanga mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho kugirango wirinde kwangirika kwangirika kashe ya mashini no kunanirwa kashe;
4) Mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho, hagomba gushyirwaho urwego rwamavuta yubukanishi asukuye hejuru ahuye na kashe kugirango yizere neza;
5) Mugihe ushyiraho glande yimpeta ihagaze, imigozi ifatanye igomba gushimangirwa kugirango harebwe perpendicularité hagati yisura yanyuma yimpeta ihagaze numurongo wa axis;
6) Nyuma yo kwishyiriraho, kanda impeta yimuka mukiganza kugirango impeta yimuka igende neza kuri shaft kandi ufite urwego runaka rwa elastique;
7) Nyuma yo kwishyiriraho, hinduranya uruziga ruzengurutse intoki.Igiti kizunguruka ntigomba kumva kiremereye cyangwa kiremereye;
8) Ibikoresho bigomba kuzuzwa itangazamakuru mbere yo gukora kugirango birinde guterana byumye no kunanirwa kashe;
9) Kubitangazamakuru byoroshye kandi byoroshye, mugihe ubushyuhe buringaniye ari> 80OC, hagomba gufatwa ingamba zijyanye no guhanagura, kuyungurura, no gukonjesha.Nyamuneka reba ibipimo bijyanye na kashe ya mashini kubikoresho bitandukanye bifasha.
10).Mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho, urwego rwamavuta yubukanishi rugomba gukoreshwa hejuru yubusabane nakashe.Hagomba kwitabwaho cyane cyane guhitamo amavuta yubukanishi kubikoresho bitandukanye bifasha kashe kugirango birinde gutera O-impeta kwaguka kubera kwinjiza amavuta cyangwa kwihuta gusaza, bigatera gufunga imburagihe.Ntibyemewe.
5. Ni ubuhe butumwa butatu bwo gufunga kashe ya mashini, hamwe n'amahame yo gufunga izi ngingo eshatu
Uwitekakashehagati yimpeta yimuka nimpeta ihagaze yishingikiriza kubintu byoroshye (isoko, inzogera, nibindi) naIkidodoigitutu cyo kubyara imbaraga zikwiye (ratio) hejuru yubusabane (isura yanyuma) yimpeta igenda igenda nimpeta ihagaze.Umuvuduko) utuma amasura abiri yoroshye kandi agororotse arahuza neza;firime yoroheje cyane ikomezwa hagati yisura yanyuma kugirango igere ku kashe.Iyi firime ifite umuvuduko ukabije wumuvuduko numuvuduko uhamye, bigira uruhare mukuringaniza umuvuduko no gusiga mumaso yanyuma.Impamvu ituma amasura yombi yanyuma agomba kuba yoroshye cyane kandi agororotse nugukora neza neza mumaso yanyuma no kunganya igitutu cyihariye.Iki nikimenyetso cyo kuzunguruka.
6. Ikirangantegoubumenyi nubwoko bwa tekinoroji ya kashe
Kugeza ubu, bishya bitandukanyeIkidodotekinoroji ukoresheje ibikoresho bishya nibikorwa bigenda bitera imbere byihuse.Hariho ibishya bikurikiraIkidodoikoranabuhanga.Ikidodo cyo hejuruIkidodoMu myaka yashize, hafunguwe imiyoboro itandukanye ku kashe ya nyuma ya kashe ya mashini kugira ngo itange ingufu za hydrostatike na dinamike, kandi n'ubu iracyavugururwa.Ikoreshwa rya kashe ya zeru Mu bihe byashize, buri gihe wasangaga abantu bemeza ko guhuza imashini hamwe n’ikidodo kidahuza imashini bidashobora kugera kuri zeru (cyangwa nta kumeneka).Isiraheli ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya kashe kugira ngo itange igitekerezo gishya cya zeru-zidakoreshwa zidafite aho zihurira na kashe yo mu maso, yakoreshejwe mu gusiga amavuta ya pompe mu mashanyarazi.Ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji ya gazi yumye Ubu bwoko bwa kashe ikoresha tekinoroji yo gufunga gazi.Ikoreshwa rya pompe yo hejuru yo gupompa ikoresha imiyoboro yimigezi hejuru yikidodo kugirango ivomye amazi make ava mumanuka asubira hejuru.Imiterere yimiterere yubwoko bwa kashe yavuzwe haruguru ni: bakoresha ibiti bito, kandi uburebure bwa firime hamwe nubujyakuzimu bwa ruhurura ni micron-urwego.Bakoresha kandi amavuta yo gusiga, ingomero zifunga imirasire hamwe nizunguruka zomuzenguruko kugirango bagire ibice bifunga kandi bitwara imitwaro.Birashobora kandi kuvugwa ko kashe ya kashe ari ihuriro rya kashe iringaniye hamwe nigitambambuga.Ibyiza byayo ni ukumeneka guto (cyangwa nta no kumeneka), ubunini bwa firime nini, kurandura amakimbirane, hamwe no gukoresha ingufu nke na feri.Ubuhanga bwa hydrodynamic bufunga ikoresha uburyo butandukanye bwo gufunga ibice byimbitse kugirango bitume ihindagurika ryumuriro ryaho ritanga hydrodynamic wedge.Ubu bwoko bwa kashe ifite ingufu za hydrodynamic zifite ubushobozi bwitwa kashe ya thermohydrodynamic.
Ikoreshwa rya kashe ya kashe irashobora kugabanywa mubyuma byubatswe hamwe no gusudira ibyuma byuma bya tekinoroji.
Ikoreshwa rya kashe ya tekinoroji igabanijwemo kabiri, gufunga impeta hagati hamwe na tekinoroji ya kashe.Mubyongeyeho, hariho tekinoroji ya kashe yo hejuru, kugenzura tekinoroji yo gufunga, tekinoroji yo gufunga hamwe, nibindi.
7. Ikirangantegoubumenyi, kashe ya mashini yogushushanya hamwe nibiranga
Intego yo koza ni ukwirinda kwegeranya umwanda, gukumira isakoshi yo mu kirere, kubungabunga no kunoza amavuta, nibindi. Iyo ubushyuhe bwamazi atemba ari make, nabyo bigira ingaruka zo gukonja.Uburyo nyamukuru bwo koza ni ubu bukurikira:
1. Kwoza imbere
1. Gukubita neza
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(2) Gusaba: gukoreshwa mugusukura amazi.P1 nini cyane kurenza P. Iyo ubushyuhe buri hejuru cyangwa hari umwanda, gukonjesha, gushungura, nibindi birashobora gushyirwaho kumuyoboro.
2. Gusubiza inyuma
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2. Amashanyarazi yo hanze
Ibiranga: Shyiramo amazi meza ava muri sisitemu yo hanze ijyanye nuburyo bwafunzwe kugeza kashe ya kashe kugirango isukure.
Gushyira mu bikorwa: Umuvuduko wamazi wo hanze agomba kuba 0.05--0.1MPA kurenza uburyo bwafunzwe.Birakwiriye mubihe aho ubushyuhe buri hejuru cyangwa bifite ibice bikomeye.Igipimo cy’amazi atemba kigomba kwemeza ko ubushyuhe bwakuweho, kandi kigomba no guhuza ibikenewe bitarinze kwangirika kashe.Kugirango bigerweho, umuvuduko wicyumba cya kashe nigipimo cyogutemba kigomba kugenzurwa.Mubisanzwe, umuvuduko wamazi meza asukuye agomba kuba munsi ya 5M / S;amazi yuzuye arimo ibice agomba kuba munsi ya 3M / S.Kugirango ugere ku gipimo cy’ibipimo byavuzwe haruguru, amazi atemba hamwe nu kashe ya kashe agomba kuba itandukaniro ryumuvuduko rigomba kuba <0.5MPA, muri rusange 0.05--0.1MPA, na 0.1--0.2MPa kubirango bya kashe ya kabiri.Umwanya wa orifice kugirango amazi asukure yinjire kandi asohokane umwobo wa kashe ugomba gushyirwaho hafi yumusozo wanyuma kandi hafi yimpande zigenda.Kugirango wirinde impeta ya grafite idashobora kwangirika cyangwa guhindurwa nubushyuhe butandukanye bitewe no gukonja kutaringaniye, hamwe no kwegeranya umwanda hamwe na kokiya, nibindi, gukoresha Tangential kumenyekanisha cyangwa guhinduranya ingingo nyinshi.Iyo bibaye ngombwa, amazi atemba arashobora kuba amazi ashyushye cyangwa amavuta.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-31-2023